The happiest countries in the world 2020 have been ranked and for the third year running, Finland is the happiest country in the world
Happiness is a nebulous thing; hard to grasp and harder to hold onto. Scientists, economists and philosophers have defined it through the ages as a combination of different things, among them health, wealth, companionship and security.
Various indices attempt to rank the happiest countries in the world on an annual basis. The World Happiness Report from the UN’s Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) is particularly interesting as it ranks 153 countries by how happy their citizens perceive themselves to be.
The SDSN employs an international group of economists, neuroscientists and statisticians to survey citizens on their subjective wellbeing to produce a comprehensive annual list of the happiest countries in the world.
How to evaluate happiness
SDSN highlights that its rankings are not an index like the longer running Human Development Index (HDI) and more recent Happy Planet Index (HPI). These are often influenced by sponsors and draw only partly on self-assessment – or make no use of it at all.
SDSN stresses that its findings draw heavily on data from population samples in each country, using a life evaluation survey to produce subjective wellbeing data.
The report principally relies on asking a straightforward, subjective question of more than 1,000 people in each country:
Imagine a ladder, with steps numbered from 0 at the bottom to 10 at the top.
The top of the ladder represents the best possible life for you and the bottom of the ladder represents the worst possible life for you. On which step of the ladder would you say you personally feel you stand at this time?
That is not to say the report is without a scientific basis. Economic and social influences are considered along with the survey (namely GDP per capita, social support, life expectancy, freedom to make life choices, generosity and perceptions of corruption), but the focus is on how happy citizens say they are; not how happy statisticians think they should be.
Top 10 happiest countries
Once again, Finland is named the happiest country in the world. Rounding out the rest of the top 10 are countries that have consistently ranked among the happiest. The only top-10 newcomer was Luxembourg.
- Finland
- Denmark
- Switzerland
- Iceland
- Norway
- Netherlands
- Sweden
- New Zealand
- Austria
- Luxembourg
Top 10 happiest cities
For the first time in its history, the report also ranked individual cities by residents’ perception of their own well-being. Unsurprisingly, Finland’s capital Helsinki was in first place.
- Helsinki, Finland
- Aarhus, Denmark
- Wellington, New Zealand
- Zurich, Switzerland
- Copenhagen, Denmark
- Bergen, Norway
- Oslo, Norway
- Tel Aviv, Israel
- Stockholm, Sweden
- Brisbane, Australia
► View the complete city rankings here.
The geography of happiness
Unsurprisingly, there is a strong correlation between unhappiness and the poorest and most dangerous countries. Nine of the top 10 happiest countries are European nations with only New Zealand from outside Europe.
The report also demonstrates that, generally, the happiness ranking of cities is very similar – almost identical in fact – to that of the countries in which they are located.
The UK is ranked 13th, gaining three spots from 16th last year, while the US is ranked 18th, up one spot from last year.
Troubled Afghanistan is ranked the least happy country in the world. The rest of the bottom five comprise South Sudan, Zimbabwe, Rwanda and the Central African Republic.
Happiest countries in the world 2020 – complete rankings
| Rank | Country | Score |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Finland | -7.809 |
| 2 | Denmark | -7.646 |
| 3 | Switzerland | -7.560 |
| 4 | Iceland | -7.504 |
| 5 | Norway | -7.488 |
| 6 | Netherlands | -7.449 |
| 7 | Sweden | -7.353 |
| 8 | New Zealand | -7.300 |
| 9 | Austria | -7.294 |
| 10 | Luxembourg | -7.238 |
| 11 | Canada | -7.232 |
| 12 | Australia | -7.223 |
| 13 | UK | -7.165 |
| 14 | Israel | -7.129 |
| 15 | Costa Rica | -7.121 |
| 16 | Ireland | -7.094 |
| 17 | Germany | -7.076 |
| 18 | USA | -6.940 |
| 19 | Czech Rep. | -6.911 |
| 20 | Belgium | -6.864 |
| 21 | UAE | -6.791 |
| 22 | Malta | -6.773 |
| 23 | France | -6.664 |
| 24 | Mexico | -6.465 |
| 25 | Taiwan | -6.455 |
| 26 | Uruguay | -6.440 |
| 27 | Saudi Arabia | -6.406 |
| 28 | Spain | -6.401 |
| 29 | Guatemala | -6.399 |
| 30 | Italy | -6.387 |
| 31 | Singapore | -6.377 |
| 32 | Brazil | -6.376 |
| 33 | Slovenia | -6.363 |
| 34 | El Salvador | -6.348 |
| 35 | Kosovo | -6.325 |
| 36 | Panama | -6.305 |
| 37 | Slovakia | -6.281 |
| 38 | Uzbekistan | -6.258 |
| 39 | Chile | -6.228 |
| 40 | Bahrain | -6.227 |
| 41 | Lithuania | -6.215 |
| 42 | Trinidad & Tobago | -6.192 |
| 43 | Poland | -6.186 |
| 44 | Colombia | -6.163 |
| 45 | Cyprus | -6.159 |
| 46 | Nicaragua | -6.137 |
| 47 | Romania | -6.124 |
| 48 | Kuwait | -6.102 |
| 49 | Mauritius | -6.101 |
| 50 | Kazakhstan | -6.058 |
| 51 | Estonia | -6.022 |
| 52 | Philippines | -6.006 |
| 53 | Hungary | -6.000 |
| 54 | Thailand | -5.999 |
| 55 | Argentina | -5.975 |
| 56 | Honduras | -5.953 |
| 57 | Latvia | -5.950 |
| 58 | Ecuador | -5.925 |
| 59 | Portugal | -5.911 |
| 60 | Jamaica | -5.890 |
| 61 | South Korea | -5.872 |
| 62 | Japan | -5.871 |
| 63 | Peru | -5.797 |
| 64 | Serbia | -5.778 |
| 65 | Bolivia | -5.747 |
| 66 | Pakistan | -5.693 |
| 67 | Paraguay | -5.692 |
| 68 | Dominican Rep. | -5.689 |
| 69 | Bosnia & Herz. | -5.674 |
| 70 | Moldova | -5.608 |
| 71 | Tajikistan | -5.556 |
| 72 | Montenegro | -5.546 |
| 73 | Russia | -5.546 |
| 74 | Kyrgyzstan | -5.542 |
| 75 | Belarus | -5.540 |
| 76 | Northern Cyprus | -5.536 |
| 77 | Greece | -5.515 |
| 78 | Hong Kong | -5.510 |
| 79 | Croatia | -5.505 |
| 80 | Libya | -5.489 |
| 81 | Mongolia | -5.456 |
| 82 | Malaysia | -5.384 |
| 83 | Vietnam | -5.353 |
| 84 | Indonesia | -5.286 |
| 85 | Ivory Coast | -5.233 |
| 86 | Benin | -5.216 |
| 87 | Maldives | -5.198 |
| 88 | Congo | -5.194 |
| 89 | Azerbaijan | -5.165 |
| 90 | Macedonia | -5.160 |
| 91 | Ghana | -5.148 |
| 92 | Nepal | -5.137 |
| 93 | Turkey | -5.132 |
| 94 | China | -5.124 |
| 95 | Turkmenistan | -5.119 |
| 96 | Bulgaria | -5.102 |
| 97 | Morocco | -5.095 |
| 98 | Cameroon | -5.085 |
| 99 | Venezuela | -5.053 |
| 100 | Algeria | -5.005 |
| 101 | Senegal | -4.981 |
| 102 | Guinea | -4.949 |
| 103 | Niger | -4.910 |
| 104 | Laos | -4.889 |
| 105 | Albania | -4.883 |
| 106 | Cambodia | -4.848 |
| 107 | Bangladesh | -4.833 |
| 108 | Gabon | -4.829 |
| 109 | South Africa | -4.814 |
| 110 | Iraq | -4.785 |
| 111 | Lebanon | -4.772 |
| 112 | Burkina Faso | -4.769 |
| 113 | Gambia | -4.751 |
| 114 | Mali | -4.729 |
| 115 | Nigeria | -4.724 |
| 116 | Armenia | -4.677 |
| 117 | Georgia | -4.673 |
| 118 | Iran | -4.672 |
| 119 | Jordan | -4.633 |
| 120 | Mozambique | -4.624 |
| 121 | Kenya | -4.583 |
| 122 | Namibia | -4.571 |
| 123 | Ukraine | -4.561 |
| 124 | Liberia | -4.558 |
| 125 | Palestinian Territories | -4.553 |
| 126 | Uganda | -4.432 |
| 127 | Chad | -4.423 |
| 128 | Tunisia | -4.392 |
| 129 | Mauritania | -4.375 |
| 130 | Sri Lanka | -4.327 |
| 131 | Congo (DRC) | -4.311 |
| 132 | Swaziland | -4.308 |
| 133 | Myanmar | -4.308 |
| 134 | Comoros | -4.289 |
| 135 | Togo | -4.187 |
| 136 | Ethiopia | -4.186 |
| 137 | Madagascar | -4.166 |
| 138 | Egypt | -4.151 |
| 139 | Sierra Leone | -3.926 |
| 140 | Burundi | -3.775 |
| 141 | Zambia | -3.759 |
| 142 | Haiti | -3.721 |
| 143 | Lesotho | -3.653 |
| 144 | India | -3.573 |
| 145 | Malawi | -3.538 |
| 146 | Yemen | -3.527 |
| 147 | Botswana | -3.479 |
| 148 | Tanzania | -3.476 |
| 149 | Central African Rep. | -3.476 |
| 150 | Rwanda | -3.312 |
| 151 | Zimbabwe | -3.299 |
| 152 | South Sudan | -2.817 |
| 153 | Afghanistan | -2.567 |
Download the complete World Happiness Report here.
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► Poorest countries in the world – ranked
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► World’s most democratic countries
► Happiest cities in the world
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